Dissertation: "Reorientation of Chemistry through the Definition of the Experiment-Oriented Reaction Equation"
My earlier dissertation, "Reorientation of Chemistry through the Definition of the Experimentally Oriented Reaction Equation," can be downloaded here as a PDF (german text).
From today's perspective, the dissertation outlines all the key aspects relevant to describing a chemical preparation. Consequently, the work can serve as a foundation for recording the course of a chemical preparation using a standardized form. Only the various chemical separation methods require further systematization. I am currently developing software—and a corresponding website—with the help of AI to record procedural logs. The website is expected to launch here in the coming weeks.
For substances to react, they must (1) be chemically compatible and (2) come into contact with one another. Most chemical reactions occur in solutions or liquids, environments where substances can seemingly find each other with ease. A significant secondary question addressed in the dissertation was how to conceptualize an "ideal liquid" and the transition between the solid and liquid states. My—admittedly somewhat stylized—conception of an ideal substance (containing an ideal liquid phase) is as follows:
In a solid, particles form intermolecular bonds with one another, holding them in place within a compact—and thus energetically favorable—crystal lattice.
As temperature rises, the particles vibrate more vigorously within their bonds, increasing the probability of bond breakage.
During the solid-to-liquid transition, the high temperature causes so many bonds to break that the lattice disintegrates into numerous small sub-lattices. These sub-lattices begin to rotate within the liquid, absorbing some of the energy. This process destroys the translational symmetry characteristic of solid-state crystals (as observed in X-ray structural analysis). At the same time, the number of neighboring particles remains constant—due to the persistence of these small crystalline fragments—a fact confirmed by X-ray studies. This image of a liquid as a cluster of crystals also illustrates why, under the influence of gravity, a liquid always attempts to completely fill the available space.
Bonds form and break very rapidly, meaning the tiny crystals are unstable. These crystallites constantly emerge anew at various locations and, through interaction with other crystallites, exhibit differing directions of rotation. This "imperfect" mental model is helpful for understanding Brownian motion.
As previously established in the dissertation, the chemical principle that "like dissolves like" implies the existence of various types of intermolecular bonds (hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, bonds between hard dipoles or between soft dipoles, bonds between aromatic systems, etc.).
Upon transition to the gas phase, all bonds to neighboring particles are broken; consequently, the particle can move freely through space—much like a particle in an ideal gas—and no permanent bonds form upon contact with other particles due to the high velocities involved.
This conceptual model aids in understanding transport processes within the solvent during a chemical reaction. Engaging with this topic is important for the form-based documentation process, particularly when the goal is to record the conditions prevailing during a chemical reaction or separation operation in a standardized manner.
With the assistance of AI (ChatGPT, Claude-Code)—and after navigating a few minor detours—I was able to transform the aforementioned pictorial model into a generalized statistical-thermodynamic model. ChatGPT proved particularly helpful during the initial phase (german text), as can be seen in the chat log (link) below. The Claude-Code AI agent was especially useful in creating
the learning page (link)(german text),
the calculation page (link)(german text), and
the visualization of the ideal substance (ideal substance network model – link; german text).
Once the initial euphoria over the success has worn off, I need to systematically review the generated information. Right now (June 7, 2026), I don't have the right mindset for that—a feeling I’ve experienced quite often after using AI.
Dr. Dieter Porth
Grünenstraße 23
28199 Bremen
Germany
info@mobger.de